IMPORTANCE OF ERYTHROCYTAL IMUNOFENOTIPAGE IN A POPULATION OF BLOOD DONORS APPLIED TO TRANSFUSIONAL MEDICINE |
ERYTHROCYTAL IMUNOFENOTIPAGE; BLOOD DONORS; TRANSFUSIONAL MEDICINE
Objective: To determine the immunophenotyping of a population of blood donors, intended to build a database for transfusion medicine. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted on 11,664 blood donors typing the ABH system and of these were randomly selected 1255 blood donors for the determination of the blood group antigens of the Rh system and Kell antigen. Blood centrifugation methods, centrifuge hemolysis tube test and indirect Coombs test were used for blood typing. The results obtained were compared by the Chi-square test. A level of statistical significance of p ≤ 0.05 was considered. Results: Antigenic frequencies for the ABH system found: O (48.8%); A (35.4%), B (10.6%) and AB (3.2%). In the Rh-Hr system the most frequent antigens were found: e (94.5%), D (88.9%), c (80.6%), C (56.4%), E (26,3%). For the Kell antigen the frequency found was 6.7%. The most frequent phenotypes were DCcee (23.3%), ddccee (18.1%), DCCee (16.7%), Dccee (11.0%), DCcEe (10.2%) and DccEe (8 , 8%). The lowest frequency was found: DCCEE 0.64% and ddCcEe 0.08%. Conclusion: The antigenic and phenotypic frequencies found show the great importance and necessity of the immunophenotyping of these blood group antigens in order to transfuse them, making them as compatible as possible, thus reducing the risk of alloimmunization. Due to the great miscegenation of our population, different frequencies are found in each region, making initiatives in this sense acquire a greater relevance.