CHLOROQUINE NANOPARTICLES IN TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS: A NEW IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPY
chloroquine, diabetes, immunity, nanoparticles, cytokines
Inflammation associated with type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM), contribute to the development of micro and macrovascular complications. In this context, chloroquine (CQ), an anti-inflammatory drug, appears as a potential adjunctive treatment in control inflammation. In addition, the use of this drug incorporated in nanoparticles will increase its bioavailability, improving the pharmacological response. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CQ and chloroquine nanoparticles (CQ NP) on proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of T1DM patients. Twenty-five normoglycemic individuals and 25 T1DM patients both aged 10-16 years were selected. Then PBMC of all of the individuals were isolated, and divided into 2 groups: normoglycemic (NG) and diabetic type 1 (T1DM). Successively, T1DM was subdivided into 3 groups: untreated (NT), CQ treated (CQ) and treated with CQ NP (CQ NP). Subsequently the cells were incubated for a period of 48 hours and up to 24 hours the mRNA expressions of IL1B, IFNG, TNFA, IL12 and IL10 were determined by relative quantification in real time PCR. Analysis of cytokine mRNA expression showed that administration of CQ reduced gene expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, CQ and CQ NP has been shown to be an adjuvant in the treatment of T1DM.