Banca de DEFESA: ELIENE MEDEIROS DA COSTA

THE STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE IN MAÇÃ AGRESTE, BY RAIMUNDO CARRERO

Literature and violence. Structural violence. Character. Raimundo Carrero.

This thesis analyzes Maçã agreste, a novel by Raimundo Carrero, from the narrative path of six of its characters. The construction of this literary category, as well as the other aspects that compose the narrative, contributes to making visible the violence that is present in society. One of the traits that make this possible is the fact that the work brings marginalized characters who occupy undervalued social spaces. Thus, the objective of this work is to investigate whether the aesthetics, the construction of characters, the language, and the structural organization of Maçã agreste are used as instruments to explain the structural violence present in contemporary society. In relation to the theme of violence, we rely on the concepts of ethical violence by Butler (2015); symbolic violence by Bordieu (2001, 2012); structural violence by Galtung (1990, 2018); and discipline by Foucault (1988, 2014). As for the analysis of the characterization, we based this study on the precepts of Candido (2007) and Brait (1985). In relation to the relationship between literature and violence, we rely on Lins (1990). This research is of a qualitative nature since it seeks to investigate the elements that compose the aesthetics of the work, such as narrative focus, type of discourse, language used to create each character, and its importance in understanding and justifying the presence of the theme of violence. The recurrence of violence in the novel can be understood as a strategy to draw attention to the violence constantly suffered by people, especially those who live in situations of social vulnerability, based on existing norms of conduct and the production of situations of social injustice.