The voices of language in Lavoura Arcaica
Lavoura Arcaica; Bakhtin; Dialogism; Authoritative discourse
The novel Lavoura Arcaica, published in 1975 and written by Raduan Nassar, tells the story of the character André who returns to the family after running away from home and spending some time away. The work presents his conflicted relationship with his family, especially his father – with whom André maintains a complex ideological tension. Starting from the definition of novel proposed by Mikhail Bakhtin, for which, among the novel's characteristics, we can point out the diversity of languages: we propose to identify the voices that act in the narrative and how they influence the formation of the character - especially with regard to paternal authority. We present some methodological notes placing the literature in dialogue with culture, in addition to the Bakhtinian concept of heterodiscourse. Following, we present an analysis of the novel in which we seek both the presence of different voices and languages and the dialogical tension between them. Throughout the research, it was possible to observe the presence of hybrid constructions present in the materiality of the text, as well as the occurrence of different voices and social values in these constructions - as, for example, in the dialogues between André and his family; or even in the conflict between values like the sacred and the profane. We conclude that the relationship between André and his father is presented in order to build an authoritarian discourse that expands to the other members of the family, intensifying the incommunicability between the characters.