A IMPOSSIBILIDADE DE MANTER-SE A SALVO: A LITERATURA E O MAL EM ROBERTO BOLAÑO
Roberto Bolaño. Evil. Latin American Literature. Maurice Blanchot. Georges
Bataille.
According to Georges Bataille, Literature consists of a stubborn search for freedom, never
bowing to the order and rules imposed by constituted societies, always standing in the
antipodes of the duration and the project of preservation of life proposed by modernity.
Literature, therefore, would respond to the demands of a world of Evil, a world contrary to
harmony and durable existence, postulant of disaster, shamelessness and negativity. At the
center of these relations between Literature and Evil, the object of our study is the Chilean
author Roberto Bolaño Ávalos (1953 - 2003), an authoritative work produced from the end of
the 1980s until the beginning of the 2000s, consolidated, in part, by the mythical figure of the
author. Early dead, Bolaño was included as the main name of the Latin American post-Boom,
a new wave of Latin American writers that caught the attention of critics from the 90s, with
singular works in relation to the productions of Vargas Llosa, García Márquez, Donoso,
Cortázar, Fuentes and Carpentier. Functioning even in opposition to the consecration of these
authors, Bolaño's generation is situated between the trauma of dictatorships in America, the
need for exile and the primordially urban production, oblivious to the fantastic realism that
characterized Latin American literature. These traumas appear in the work of the Chilean
author as a reverberation of a deep Evil, which is announced in the impotence of his
characters, in his writing at the same time fragmentary and mighty, in the various historical
episodes that are confused with smaller private stories in poets and writers who become
detectives or assassins, in the transgressive experiences that lead subjects to ruin without
postponement. To reflect on these issues in our dissertation, in addition to Bataille, we use
Blanchot (2011, 2002), Barthes (2005), Lévinas (2001) and other authors to address the
symbolic flashes of Evil in the Chilean’s writer work. Amuleto is an unfolding of one of
several narratives contained in Detetives Selvagens (1998), masterpiece of Roberto Bolaño;
here, Auxilio Lacouture, a Uruguayan exiled in Mexico, recounts her adventures with
Mexican poets and intellectuals while she was besieged in the bathroom of the Autonomous
University of Mexico on the day the institution was invaded by the military in 1968. This
novel is central in Bolaño's work for bringing issues present throughout his work and serving
as a parallax view of all dimensions of this writer's Literature, also working for our approach
to the figures of evil in his books.