OCCUPATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF CHILDLESS WOMEN AT THE END OF THE REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD IN THE NORTHEAST LABOR MARKET IN 2015
Fertility; Job market; Education; Income
During the second half of the 20th century, Brazilian society was marked by changes, especially with regard to women's space in education, the world of work and personal choices. A point of great importance that paved the way for others was urbanization, combined with the industrialization of the country, which attracted people to large urban centers in search of jobs and better living conditions. It was in this context that contraception methods entered the country and became accessible to women, who became more able to decide when, how many or if they would like to have children. Another major advance was the expansion of basic and higher education centers, which allowed more and more people to have access to education and, consequently, better working conditions. Among these people who were able to take advantage of these opportunities are women. Currently, many studies have already dealt with the evolution of Brazilian women in the final decades of the last century, however, there are few that deal with Northeastern women and their relationship with the job market. Especially when the focus is not on all women, but on those who remained in the job market and who may have done so to the detriment of motherhood. Therefore, this work had as its object of study working women from the Northeast who reached the end of their reproductive period (45 to 49 years old), without having had children and we analyzed them by level of education, profession and income. Using data from PNAD 2015, a descriptive analysis of variables relating to the three themes mentioned was carried out and it was found that these women are studying more, working in areas of the market that were previously accessible only to men and many of them are assuming the position of heads of the household in which they live.