Banca de DEFESA: MORGANA MENEZES NOVAES

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : MORGANA MENEZES NOVAES
DATA : 25/07/2017
HORA: 08:00
LOCAL: INSTITUTO DO CEREBRO
TÍTULO:

IMPACT OF BREATHING TRAINING (PRANAYAMA) ON MARKERS OF ANXIETY, AFFECT, SPEECH, AND FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (FMRI)

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Yoga, pranayama, emotion, anxiety, affect, functional magnetic resonance imaging

PÁGINAS: 94
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Biológicas
ÁREA: Fisiologia
RESUMO:

The systematization of Yoga presented in the Yoga Sutras of Patañjali, written around 400 CE, proposes an eight limb yoga system, also known as Ashtanga Yoga (ashta=eight, anga=limb), consisting of eight set of practices. Among them, the breathing practices, known as Pranayama, has been associated with positive effects on stress and anxiety. This thesis explores the impact of Bhastrika Pranayama training on markers of anxiety, affect, speech, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thirty young healthy adults, naïve to Yoga practices, were recruited and evaluated by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Speech Analysis and fMRI (emotional regulation task, and resting state-fMRI), before and after 4 weeks of training Bhastrika Pranayama or control activities. This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial of two parallel arms. The results suggest decreased in both anxiety and negative affect, increased activity in the bilateral anterior insula, right anterior cingulate cortex, right amygdala, and left ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Increased positive affect was correlated with increased activity in right anterior insula and left vmPFC. We also found a positive correlation between increased activity in the left vmPFC and decreased anxiety and negative affect. rs-fMRI results suggest significant decreased functional connectivity in the right anterior insula and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) with multiple brain regions known to be involved in emotional processes. Overall, decreased connectivity involving these regions were correlated with decreased anxiety and negative affect, and increased positive affect. Changes in speech analysis were restricted to semantic properties when the words “anxiety”, “negative” and “positive” were used as seeds. These changes correlated with changes in anxiety and affect. In general, our results suggest that the practice of Bhastrika Pranayama leads to changes in anxiety and affect, which was accompanied by changes in the activity and connectivity of brain structures that participate in processes of emotional regulation.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 1243905 - DRAULIO BARROS DE ARAUJO
Interno - 6346130 - MARIA BERNARDETE CORDEIRO DE SOUSA
Externo ao Programa - 1696755 - BRUNO LOBAO SOARES
Externo à Instituição - ELISA HARUMI KOZASA - HIAE
Externo à Instituição - TIAGO ARRUDA SANCHEZ - UFRJ