Banca de DEFESA: JESSICA BARROS SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : JESSICA BARROS SILVA
DATE: 27/03/2020
TIME: 15:00
LOCAL: Auditorio C - CCHLA
TITLE:

Schopenhauer's doctrine on the will as the essence of human being and its practical and moral developments

KEY WORDS:

Schopenhauer; Will; Human essence; Self-consciousness; Moral.

PAGES: 90
BIG AREA: Ciências Humanas
AREA: Filosofia
SUMMARY:

   According to the German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer (1788 - 1860), the essence of every existing being in Nature is Will. Human being is one of the various appearances of the Will as it appears in its mirror, which is the world as representation. This work focuses the Schopenhauerian vision of the world as Will, choosing as an object of study the peculiarities assumed by the will when it objetifies itself as the human essence and moves towards the practical and moral developments that can be found in Schopenhauer’s thought for an understanding concerning human essence. Thus, this work begins by explaining Schopenhauer’s fundamental thesis that the Will constitutes the metaphysical essence and the core of man, starting from the analysis of its primacy in our self-consciousness regarding the intellect. The practical developments of this thesis can be found in the way the will determines individual’s way of life. Depending on his prevailing inclinations, one person will lead a life devoted to the pursuit for a certain type of pleasure, which can be in the order of sensations, in the order of vanity, of pure knowledge, of aesthetic pleasure, of engaging in creative activities etc. The scope of morality opens up in Schopenhauerian thought from the analysis of the nature of the motivation behind the actions – or “acts of will”. Schopenhauer establishes three basic motivations for acting: egoism, malice and compassion. Each of them is associated with a specific degree of vehemence of the will, which, in turn, determines how attached to the principle of individuation – a principle that gathers the a priori forms of space and time in the apprehension of the multiple appearances of the Will. For Schopenhauer, moral conduct is only possible when the principle of individuation does not dominate the subject’s way of knowing, allowing him to recognize that his essence is identical to that of the other. It is from this recognition that justice, kindness and compassion are born. Thus, our work concludes with an attempt to explain the intricate way Schopenhauer ties his analysis of the motivation of an individual’s actions to the analysis of how deeply this subject recognizes his essential connection with other beings of nature, once that all that exists is a manifestation of the same Will.

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