Banca de DEFESA: STEPHANY ANN COSTA ROSARIO

Association of the presence of proteinuria in preeclampsia with the maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Preeclampsia, proteinuria, outcome.

Preeclampsia (PE) for a long time was diagnosed based on the triad of edema, proteinuria and hypertension; with the advance of studies, edema and proteinuria became criteria related to severity and not necessarily to diagnosis, thus the presence of hypertension together with isolated proteinuria are not decisive criteria for the diagnosis of PE. In this sense, this study aimed at identifying the correlation between worsening of the clinical picture of pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia and neonates, considering that proteinuria is nowadays an unnecessary diagnostic criterion for the disease.

This is a longitudinal, prospective, observational study carried out from January to October 2022 at the Januário Cicco Maternity School. The study population consisted of 32 pregnant women and their newborns (NB), classified according to the assessment of qualitative proteinuria in the strip, being Proteinuria negative or traces (n=13) and Proteinuria ≥ 1+ (n=19). Blood samples were collected from fasting pregnant women in a tube without anticoagulant for biochemical evaluation (10ml), analyzed using the Dimension RxL equipment (Siemens, São Paulo, SP, Brazil) and collected (4ml) in a tube with anticoagulant ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in order to assess hematological parameters, analyzed by Advia 2120i equipment (Siemens, São Paulo, SP, Brazil). Proteinuria was measured at admission by qualitative evaluation in isolated urine sample (Uri-Color Check reactive strip from WAMA Diagnóstica, São Carlos, SP, Brazil).

Data were collected from the electronic medical records of pregnant women and their respective neonates in the University Hospitals Management Application (AGHU). The distribution of continuous variables was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and all variables were considered nonparametric. Non-parametric data were 

analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test and correlated by Spearman. Regarding differences between categorical variables, these were tested by chi-square analysis.  The evaluations were performed using SPSS Statistics version 20.0 (IBM, New York, USA). P values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

 Among the results obtained we can highlight that 28 (87.5%) of the pregnant women were admitted to the high-risk sector, 12 (92.3%) from the negative or trace proteinuria group and 16 (84.2%) from the proteinuria ≥1+ group, the predominant route of delivery was cesarean section, most of the NB presented prematurity, low birth weight, and most of them required hospitalization (p=0.007). In addition, 15 (78.9%) RNs in the proteinuria ≥ 1+ group required ventilatory support (p=0.020). Differences were observed between groups regarding diastolic blood pressure at the time of delivery (p<0.018), uric acid (p<0.012), urea (p<0.030), AST (p<0.001), ALT (p<0.033), LDH (p<0.005), total protein (p<0.004), albumin (p<0.001). The main positive correlations observed were between maternal age and total proteins (r=0.404; p<0.024), birth weight and total protein (r=0.511; p<0.009) and LDH and AST (r=0.727;p=0.001), the negative correlations observed were blood pressure at delivery and total proteins (r=0.670; p=0.001), total proteins and AST (r=0.719;p=0.001), albumin and AST (r=0.728;p=0.001), Albumin and total proteins (r=0.882;p=0.001), urea and GI at birth (r=0.721;p=0.001), Urea and birth weight (r=0.667;p<0.001).Thus, proteinúria was associated to poorer mother and neonatal outcomes.