Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: JANAINA FERREIRA ADERALDO

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : JANAINA FERREIRA ADERALDO
DATE: 25/02/2022
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Online (Plataforma Zoom)
TITLE:

A DEFINIR

KEY WORDS:

Infertility market; assisted human reproduction; seminal microbiome; WGS.

PAGES: 91
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Genética
SUMMARY:

Infertility is defined as the inability to obtain a clinical pregnancy or due to conditions incompatible with the natural encounter of gametes. It affects about 15% of couples of childbearing age worldwide, and this percentage tends to increase due to various causes such as lifestyle and postponement of motherhood/fatherhood for professional reasons and the increase in the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections. In this context, the global market for assisted reproduction treatments moved around USD 26 billion in 2019 and is expected to reach USD 45 billion by 2025, in which the number of European clinics has more than doubled. Between 1997 and 2016, ART treatments increased more than five-fold in Europe, 4.6-fold in North America, and three-fold in Australia and New Zealand. The global male infertility-related market alone accounted for US$3.5 billion in 2019. In the search for more ways to serve the public in question, researchers investigate the various factors, with current emphasis on the search for immunogenetic factors due to their high impact, such as the 'infertility belt' located in Central Africa, where tubal damage related to infection is the most common cause. Likewise, pathogens can also induce male infertility through multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, mainly because the testicular environment is immunoprivileged. Despite recognizing the role of infections in human infertility, the diagnosis of pathogens depends on traditional methods. Additionally, molecular assays inserted in clinical practice target a limited and targeted number of pathogens, while metagenomic approaches allow the analysis of the entire microbiome and have accumulated relevant data in public health. In this context, this research was designed to prospect pathogens with potential impact on reproductive parameters through shotgun metagenomics (WGS). We observed a high proportion of the Bacteria domain (71.3%), whose largest groups are Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, and Streptococcus; and an unexpected finding was that bacterial genera identified by WGS were better represented when compared to other classical approaches to bacterial identification. The approach used here to determine the bacterial cluster is compatible with targeted molecular techniques (16s rRNA), identifying major genera above 0.1% abundance. The eukaryotic domain (27.6%) comprises Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and Trichinella. The presence of Plasmodium and Trypanosoma indicates potential prophylactic treatment in addition to the usual bacterial one. The viruses (1.1%) are Gammaretrovirus, Herv-K, and Herv-W. Attention is drawn to the considerable number of reads associated with retroviruses (5,051) and generates reflection on the potential incorporation of the viral genome into the genome of germ cells and the consequent risk of transmission to offspring. This study is the first to use the WGS technique in seminal human samples. These findings expand the current view of microbial diversity in human semen and point out that evaluating uncultured pathogens can be crucial before concluding prophylactic reproductive treatments. It is also the first to assess the assisted human reproduction market to address economic factors in a distributive way.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - MAURICIO FRAGA VAN TILBURG - Fiocruz - PE
Presidente - 1149647 - LUCYMARA FASSARELLA AGNEZ LIMA
Externo ao Programa - 1507794 - RODRIGO JULIANI SIQUEIRA DALMOLIN