Banca de DEFESA: LOUIZY MINORA COSTA ATAÍDE DE ALMEIDA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : LOUIZY MINORA COSTA ATAÍDE DE ALMEIDA
DATA : 25/02/2019
HORA: 15:30
LOCAL: Auditório do NUPEP
TÍTULO:

ANALYSIS OF A SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT SOLID URBAN WASTE WITH A FOCUS ON DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Solid Waste Management, Risk and Disaster Management, Disaster Risk Reduction, Environmental Management, Urban Resilience, Sustainability.

PÁGINAS: 142
GRANDE ÁREA: Engenharias
ÁREA: Engenharia de Produção
RESUMO:

The general objective of this dissertation is to propose guidelines for the implementation of an integrated solid waste management and civil protection and defense management model. It is observed  that the occurrence, more and more frequent, of events of the nature (storms, floods, landslides, floods, floods, etc.) in urban centers has been aggravated by global climate change, causing disruption, material loss and human damage to vulnerable populations. The problem of human occupations in areas of risk associated with fragile urban governance in solving them has made populations more vulnerable to risks and disasters. One aspect of great importance, little discussed in science and in the context of global disaster risk reduction policies and actions, concerns the management of waste or solid waste. At the national level, national policies on solid waste and protection and civil defense, although having points of convergence, were conceived separately, and this dissociation is reflected in practice, increasing the population's vulnerability to risks and disasters. This dissertation was developed adopting the Participatory Ergonomics method and a case study carried out in the district of Mãe Luiza, Natal / RN, covering the following aspects: the way of discarding the garbage by the population, the mapping of garbage disposal points by the population, the mapping of garbage accumulation points due to the action of rain, wind, etc., the analysis of the process of garbage collection by the official municipal system, the identification of the associated constraints with the collection process, the analysis of the cleaning of the drainage system and the analysis of the integration of the actions of the municipal systems of disaster risk management and solid waste management. For that, systematic observations were made in said neighborhood, analysis of videos related to the disaster that occurred in the neighborhood in 2014, interviews with the residents displaced by the same disaster and with the agents and managers of the municipal bodies of protection and civil defense and urban cleaning. The diagnosis showed that: some of the population discards garbage in places and in an inappropriate way; the official collection system does not serve equally all areas of the neighborhood, because some are not accessible to the compactor truck, truck with stationary bucket and wheelbarrow; garbage disposed of improperly or that is delayed collecting is dragged to regions (points) of lower slope of relief and storm drain, where they accumulate, causing obstruction of storm drains and flooding, and for slopes downstream from the point where it was originally discarded, generating mechanical pressure in the soil and contributing to the mass movement, due to the rains; due to the volume of garbage produced by the neighborhood, the characteristics of rugged relief and narrow access roads, the collection occurs in three different ways in the neighborhood (compactor truck, truck with stationary bucket and wheelbarrow) and with daily frequency. The reports showed that the interviewees are aware of the relationship between bad waste disposal and the occurrence of disasters, but some of them believe that there was no contribution of garbage to the occurrence of such disaster. It was also identified that communication and cooperation between municipal civil protection and defense and urban cleaning agencies only occurs in situations of imminent disasters or during the response phase. Only recently, with the ongoing process of elaboration of the Municipal Contingency Plan to deal with disasters, that the urban cleaning agent was called by the civil protection and defense agency to contribute to the elaboration and assumption of the responsibilities set forth in the Plan, in the event of disasters. It was verified, at the time, that the municipal company only has tractors and trucks bucket, without prior notice, until the 15 hours of the day. In addition, there was no joint and coordinated planning and action between the two agencies. It was also verified the overlap of competencies of the agencies, regarding the removal of the trash, weeding of gutters and cleaning storm drains and drainage pipes. It is recommended that, in order to reduce the risk of disasters caused by the discards of urban waste in the public places, it is recommended that integrated actions be promoted between municipal protection and civil defense and urban cleaning agencies throughout the rich disaster management cycle. (prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and recovery), giving rise to actions to promote education and permanent socio-environmental culture of environmental preservation and prevention of risks and disasters, the involvement of the population in decision-making and actions, the use of information and communication technologies to aid in the management of disaster risks, and the review of the competencies of municipal agencies, so as to concentrate the cleaning of drainage devices.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - 2329932 - JULIO FRANCISCO DANTAS DE REZENDE
Externo ao Programa - 1503011 - LUTIANE QUEIROZ DE ALMEIDA
Externa à Instituição - MARIA CHRISTINE WERBA SALDANHA - UFPB
Presidente - 1217772 - RICARDO JOSE MATOS DE CARVALHO