Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: ANA CRISTINA DE MACEDO SANTOS

RACISM AND ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE FOR THE BLACK POPULATION: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Health. Racism. Blacks. Health services.

Introduction: It is known that racial and ethnic issues are fundamental social determinants for different societies around the world. In this context, in many countries, the black population is not covered in a comprehensive way, considering that racism is a social determinant of health, which interferes with access to health and care services for this population. Objective: To identify and compare the black population's access to health services and their physical and mental impairment in the face of racial issues. Methodology: This is an integrative review, which aims to answer the following research question: What are the difficulties in accessing health services for the black population in the face of issues of racism in different societies? To answer this question, an analysis will be carried out of scientific productions available in the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS/VHL, EMBASE, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and Web of Science (WOS). Therefore, in data collection, carried out from December 2022 to August 2023, the search strategy included publications in Portuguese, English and Spanish and no time limit was established. However, the exclusion criteria defined for this review are: editorials, reviews, letters, case studies, meta-analysis, scoping review, systematic review, literature review and research that is not in the health area, congress work, theses and dissertations and articles that are not published in full. 4039 articles were found, 153 of which were selected for full reading, meeting the inclusion criteria. Thus, in the end, 23 articles remained for systematization and data analysis, using the thematic content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. Results and discussion: Regarding access to health for the black population, based on the studies collected and analyzed, the countries highlighted were the United States (USA) and Brazil. In these societies, a differentiation was observed regarding access, since in Brazil, it is universally provided, while in the United States it is private. However, both health services lack comprehensive assistance for these people, given the racial discrimination experienced. Conclusion: Changes are necessary in the current situation of these societies, regarding structural racism. The black population suffers daily, having their rights violated, whether civil and/or social, mainly in terms of ensuring physical and/or mental health.