Banca de DEFESA: DIEGO OLIVEIRA CORDEIRO

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : DIEGO OLIVEIRA CORDEIRO
DATA : 11/03/2019
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: AUDITÓRIO NUPEG
TÍTULO:

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS OBTAINED FROM EGGS 'SHELLS, FOR SOYBEAN BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Biodiesel, Heterogeneous catalyst, egg shell, CaO, diatomite.

PÁGINAS: 118
GRANDE ÁREA: Engenharias
ÁREA: Engenharia Química
SUBÁREA: Tecnologia Química
ESPECIALIDADE: Óleos
RESUMO:

The gradual growth of energy consumption in the world has been linking concerns about the depletion of energy sources and the environmental imbalance due to the predatory use of natural resources. In the world, only 9% of the energy consumed comes from renewable sources. Given this high global dependence on non-renewable energies, research is needed to develop new sources of alternative energy. Biodiesel, a biofuel used for diesel cycle engines, is proving to be one of the viable alternatives to this current problem. The REN21 report states that biodiesel had the largest increase among biofuels in the last decade. This growth represented 15 times the volume of production from 2002 to 2012. Biodiesel also has, in some respects, advantages over petroleum diesel, such as: non-toxic, from renewable sources, environmentally innocuous and relatively biodegradable, in addition to (during the combustion process) emissions of gaseous pollutants such as carbon particles, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Biodiesel is usually obtained through transesterification, in which one mole of triacylglycerides reacts with three moles of alcohol (methanol or ethanol) to form three moles of biodiesel and one mole of glycerine. The reaction is usually catalyzed by a strong homogeneous base, NaOH or KOH. However, the use of homogeneous catalysts results in soap formation, separation difficulty, effluent generation. Due to these limitations, the need to study heterogeneous catalysts to obtain biodiesel arose. CaO is a heterogeneous catalyst that stands out for its high catalytic capacity and easy to obtain. However the catalytic results of these solids are highly dependent on the preparation method as well as on the reaction conditions employed. Therefore, the objective of the research is to develop, analyze and evaluate several heterogeneous catalysts obtained from the calcined egg shell, for the production of soybean biodiesel via methyl. To obtain the different CaO samples, three raw materials (white egg shell and chicken brown and commercial CaCO₃) calcined at different temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C and 1000 °C) and time (80 °C, 120 and 160 minutes) over a heating rate of 5 ºC mim^-1. Totaling 27 samples. The best result among egg shells was the white bark sample calcined at 80 ºC in 160 minutes (CB8P16). CaO has a disadvantage, it undergoes rehydration and carbonation reactions very easily, forming Ca(OH)₂ and CaCO₃, respectively. However, even after the majority formation of CaCO3, the properties and characteristics present are maintained, as a strong base and presence of active sites on the surface, which characterize as a solid catalytic potential for transesterification reaction. Another reason for the maintenance of catalytic capacity. The initial mixture between methanol and the catalytic solid, forming Ca(CH2)₃, which presents more catalytic characteristics than CaO, causing a process called CaO activation. The calcined mixture between CaO derived from chicken hulls and diatomite, forms wollastonite, a compound with similar capacity to CaO precursor

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 1308273 - EDUARDO LINS DE BARROS NETO
Interno - 1670497 - HUMBERTO NEVES MAIA DE OLIVEIRA
Externo à Instituição - LUIS FERREIRA DE LIMA - UFRN
Externa à Instituição - MARCIONILA DE OLIVEIRA FERREIRA - IFRN
Externa à Instituição - ROBERTA PEREIRA DA SILVA - UFERSA